Characterization, Genomic Organization, Abundance, and Chromosomal Distribution of Ty1-copia Retrotransposons in Erianthus arundinaceus

Erianthus arundinaceus is an important wild species of the genus Saccharum with many valuable traits. However, the composition and structure of its genome are largely unknown, which have hindered its utilization in sugarcane breeding and evolutionary research. Retrotransposons constitute an appreciable fraction of plant genomes and may have played a significant role in the evolution and sequence organization of genomes. In the current study, we investigate the phylogenetic diversity and genomic abundance of Ty1-copia retrotransposons for the first time and inspect their chromosomal distribution patterns in E. arundinaceus. In total, 70 Ty1-copia reverse transcriptase (RT) sequences with significant levels of heterogeneity were obtained. The phylogenetic analysis revealed these Ty1-copia retrotransposons were classified into four distinct evolutionary lineages (Tork/TAR, Tork/Angela, Retrofit/Ale, and Sire/Maximus). Dot-blot analysis showed estimated the total copy number of Ty1-copia retrotransposons to be about 4.5 × 103 in the E. arundinaceus genome, indicating they were a significant component. Fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed that Ty1-copia retrotransposons from the four lineages had strikingly similar patterns of chromosomal enrichment, being exclusively enriched in the subterminal heterochromatic regions of most E. arundinaceus chromosomes. This is the first clear evidence of the presence of Ty1-copia retrotransposons in the subterminal heterochromatin of E. arundinaceus. Altogether, these results promote the understanding of the diversification of Ty1-copia retrotransposons and shed light on their chromosomal distribution patterns in E. arundinaceus

The prognostic value of deep earlobe creases in patients with acute ischemic stroke

Background and purposeData on earlobe crease (ELC) among patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) are limited. Here, we determined the frequency and characteristics of ELC and the prognostic effect of ELC among AIS patients.MethodsA total of 936 patients with acute AIS were enrolled during the period between December 2018 and December 2019. The patients were divided into those without and with ELC, unilateral and bilateral ELC, and shallow and deep ELC, according to the photographs taken of the bilateral ears. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the effect of ELC, bilateral ELC, and deep ELC on poor functional outcomes at 90 days (a modified Rankin Scale score ≥2) in AIS patients.ResultsAmong the 936 AIS patients, there were 746 (79.7%) patients with ELC. Among patients with ELC, there were 156 (20.9%) patients with unilateral ELC and 590 (79.1%) with bilateral ELC and 476 (63.8%) patients with shallow ELC and 270 (36.2%) with deep ELC. After adjusting for age, sex, baseline NIHSS score, and other potential covariates, patients with deep ELC were associated with a 1.87-fold [odds ratio (OR) 1.87; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.13–3.09] and 1.63-fold (OR 1.63; 95%CI, 1.14–2.34) increase in the risk of poor functional outcome at 90 days in comparison with those without ELC or shallow ELC.ConclusionELC was a common phenomenon, and eight out of ten AIS patients had ELC. Most patients had bilateral ELC, and more than one-third had deep ELC. Deep ELC was independently associated with an increased risk of poor functional outcome at 90 days

Exploring the inorganic and organic nitrate aerosol formation regimes at a suburban site on the North China Plain

Nitrate-driven aerosol pollution frequently occurs during winter over the North China Plain (NCP). Extensive studies have focused on inorganic nitrate formation, but few have focused on organic nitrates in China, preduding a thorough understanding of the nitrogen cycle and nitrate aerosol formation. Here, the inorganic (NO3,inorg) and organic nitrate (NO3,org) formation regimes under aerosol liquid water (ALW) and aerosol acidity (pH) influences were investigated during winter over the NCP based on data derived from an Aerodyne high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS). The campaign-averaged concentration of the total nitrate was 53 mu g m(3), with a 13% contribution from NO3,org, which exhibited a significantly decreased contribution with increasing haze episode evolution. The diurnal cycles of NO3,inorg and NO3,org were similar, with high concentrations during the nighttime at a high ALW level, revealing the important role of aqueous-phase processes. However, the correlations between the aerosol pH and NO3,inorg (R-2 = 0.13, P <0.01) and NO3,org (R-2 = 0.63, P <0.01) during polluted periods indicated a contrasting effect of aerosol pH on inorganic and organic nitrate formation. Our results provide a useful reference for smog chamber studies and promote a better understanding of organic nitrate formation via a nthropogenic emissions. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Peer reviewe

The plasticity of mesenchymal stem cells in regulating surface HLA-I

Summary A low surface expression level of human leukocyte antigen class I(HLA-I) ensures the mesenchymal stem cells’(MSCs) escape from the allogeneic recipients’ immunological surveillance. Here, we discovered that both transcriptional and synthesis levels of HLA-I in MSCs increased continuously after IFN-γ treatment, while interestingly, their surface HLA-I expression was downregulated after reaching an HLA-I surface expression peak. Microarray data indicated the post-transcriptional process plays an important role in downregulation of surface HLA-I. Further studies identified that IFN-γ-treated MSCs accelerated HLA-I endocytosis through a Clathrin–independent Dynamin-dependent endocytosis pathway. Furthermore, the cells which have self-downregulated surface HLA-I expression elicit a weaker immune response than they previously could. Thus, uncovering the plasticity of MSCs in the regulation of HLA-I surface expression would reveal insights into the membrane-transportation events leading to the maintenance of low surface HLA-I expression, providing more evidence for selecting and optimizing low immunogenic MSCs to improve the therapeutic efficiency.Peer reviewe

Case report of a Li-Fraumeni syndrome-like phenotype with a de novo mutation in <i>CHEK2</i>

BACKGROUND: Cases of multiple tumors are rarely reported in China. In our study, a 57-year-old female patient had concurrent squamous cell carcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, brain cancer, bone cancer, and thyroid cancer, which has rarely been reported to date. METHODS: To determine the relationship among these multiple cancers, available DNA samples from the thyroid, lung, and skin tumors and from normal thyroid tissue were sequenced using whole exome sequencing. RESULTS: The notable discrepancies of somatic mutations among the 3 tumor tissues indicated that they arose independently, rather than metastasizing from 1 tumor. A novel deleterious germline mutation (chr22:29091846, G->A, p.H371Y) was identified in CHEK2, a Li–Fraumeni syndrome causal gene. Examining the status of this novel mutation in the patient's healthy siblings revealed its de novo origin. CONCLUSION: Our study reports the first case of Li–Fraumeni syndrome-like in Chinese patients and demonstrates the important contribution of de novo mutations in this type of rare disease

Manipulations of phenylnorbornyl palladium species for multicomponent construction of a bridged polycyclic privileged scaffold

Hexahydromethanocarbazole is a privileged scaffold in the discovery of new drugs and photoactive organic materials due to its good balance between structural complexity and minimized entropy penalty upon receptor binding. To address the difficulty of synthesizing this highly desirable bridged polycyclic scaffold, we designed a convenient multicomponent reaction cascade as intercepted Heck addition/C-H activation/C-palladacycle formation/electrophilic attack of ANP/N-palladacycle formation/Buchwald amination. A distinguishing feature of this sophisticated strategy is the successive generation of two key phenylnorbornyl palladium species to control the reaction flow towards desired products. DFT calculations further reveal the crucial roles of Cs2CO3 and 5,6-diester substitutions on the norbornene reactant in preventing multiple side-reactions. This innovative method exhibits a broad scope with good yields, and therefore will enable the construction of natural-product-like compound libraries based on hexahydromethanocarbazole

Individual Professional Practice in the Company

Import 23/08/2017Cílem této bakalářské práce je popsat absolvování odborné praxe ve firmě HS Interactive s.r.o. Praxe byla zaměřena na vývoj mobilní aplikace pro operační systém Android. Aplikace je mobilním klientem pro sociální síť MatchToMe. V úvodu popisuji důvody, které vedly k výběru odborné praxe. Dále se věnuji úkolům, které mi byly zadány s jejich implementací a postupem řešení problémů, které se objevily při vývoji. Závěr práce je věnován zhodnocení získaných zkušeností a dosažených výsledků.Purpose of this bachelor thesis is to describe a professional practice in company HS Interactive s.r.o. Practice was focused on the development of mobile application for the operating system Android. The application is a mobile client for social network MatchToMe. In the introduction I describe reasons that led to the selection of professional practice. Then I describe tasks that I have been awarded with their implementations and process of solution issues that have emerged during development. The conclusion of thesis is dedicated to the evaluation of the experience gained and the results achieved.440 - Katedra telekomunikační technikyvýborn

Ectopic tissue engineered ligament with silk collagen scaffold for ACL regeneration: A preliminary study

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction remains a formidable clinical challenge because of the lack of vascularization and adequate cell numbers in the joint cavity. In this study, we developed a novel strategy to mimic the early stage of repair in vivo, which recapitulated extra-articular inflammatory response to facilitate the early ingrowth of blood vessels and cells. A vascularized ectopic tissue engineered ligament (ETEL) with silk collagen scaffold was developed and then transferred to reconstruct the ACL in rabbits without interruption of perfusion. At 2 weeks after ACL reconstruction, more well-perfused cells and vessels were found in the regenerated ACL with ETEL, which decreased dramatically at the 4 and 12 week time points with collagen deposition and maturation. ACL treated with ETEL exhibited more mature ligament structure and enhanced ligament-bone healing post-reconstructive surgery at 4 and 12 weeks, as compared with the control group. In addition, the ETEL group was demonstrated to have higher modulus and stiffness than the control group significantly at 12 weeks post-reconstructive surgery. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that the ETEL can provide sufficient vascularity and cellularity during the early stages of healing, and subsequently promote ACL regeneration and ligament-bone healing, suggesting its clinic use as a promising therapeutic modality. Statement of Significance Early inflammatory cell infiltration, tissue and vessels ingrowth were significantly higher in the extra articular implanted scaffolds than theses in the joint cavity. By mimicking the early stages of wound repair, which provided extra-articular inflammatory stimulation to facilitate the early ingrowth of blood vessels and cells, a vascularized ectopic tissue engineered ligament (ETEL) with silk collagen scaffold was constructed by subcutaneous implantation for 2 weeks. The fully vascularized TE ligament was then transferred to rebuild ACL without blood perfusion interruption, and was demonstrated to exhibit improved ACL regeneration, bone tunnel healing and mechanical properties. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc

Online Promotion of E-Commerce in China.Case Company:Taobao

In China, online shopping is a prevalent phenomenon because of efficiency and convenience of Internet. It is valuable to do a research of today’s Chinese online shopping market because of its enormous sales. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis is to find out how to implement an online promotion in the Chinese market. In order to reach this purpose, in this thesis, it is necessary to analyze the current situation of online promotion in China including the analysis of promotion strategy and promotion tools also analyze the effectiveness of online promotion from Chinese customer’s perspective. At the theoretical part, online promotion strategy and tools will be presented, followed by macro-environmental analysis and micro-environmental analysis. The empirical research focuses on case company Taobaowhich is the biggest online shopping platform in China and Taobao’scustomers as targeted respondents for the research. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are used for data collection.As a quantitative method, in-depth interviews heldwith Taobao representatives in order to stateTaobao’s online promotion strategies and tools. As a qualitative method, questionnaires were sent to Taobaocustomers. At the end of the thesis, conclusions based on the empirical research will be precented, including the main findings and recommendations for case company.Verkko-ostaminen on hallitseva ilmiö Kiinassa, koska internet on tehnyt siitä tehokasta ja helppoa. On arvokasta tehdä taustatutkimusta kiinalaisessa verkko-ostamisesta, koska sen rahallinen merkitys on suuri. Tämän tutkielman tarkoitus on selvittää, miten verkkomainontaa voidaan toteuttaa Kiinan markkinoilla. Tutkimuksen tavoitteiden saavuttamiseksi on tarpeellista analysoida verkkomainonnan nykyinen tilanne Kiinassa. Tämä sisältää mainosstrategian ja mainostyökalut ja myös analyysin, kuinka tehokkaasti verkkomainonta vaikuttaa kiina-laiseen kuluttajaan. Teoriaosassa kuvataan verkkomainontastrategiaa ja työkaluja, jonka jälkeen käydään läpi makro- ja mikroympäristön tekijöitä. Tutkimus keskittyy Taobao-yhtiöön, joka on Kiinan suurin verkkokauppa-alusta. Taobaon asiakkaat ovat tämän tutkimuksen kohderyhmänä. Sekä kvantitatiivista että kvalitatiivista menetelmää on käytetty tutkimuksessa. Taobaon edustajia on haastateltu, jotta saataisiin tietoa yhtiön verkkomainonnan strategiasta ja työkaluista. Kvantitatiivisena tutkimusmenetelmänä käytettiin kyselyä, joka lähetettiin Taobaon asiakkaille. Opinnäytetyön lopussa esitetään johtopäätökset, jotka sisältävät tutkimuksen päätulokset ja ehdotukset kohdeyritykselle